行业组件数据 · 2026

分压电路

A passive linear circuit that reduces input voltage to a lower output voltage using resistors.

技术定义与适配语境
典型 分压电路 会按材料、尺寸公差、适配关系和失效风险在 电气设备制造 中评估。

A voltage divider circuit is a fundamental electrical configuration consisting of two or more resistors connected in series between a voltage source and ground. It produces an output voltage that is a fixed fraction of the input voltage, determined by the ratio of the resistances. In industrial voltage sensors, it serves as the primary sensing element for measuring high voltages by scaling them down to levels safe for measurement by analog-to-digital converters or operational amplifiers.

组件规格

定义
A voltage divider circuit is a fundamental electrical configuration consisting of two or more resistors connected in series between a voltage source and ground. It produces an output voltage that is a fixed fraction of the input voltage, determined by the ratio of the resistances. In industrial voltage sensors, it serves as the primary sensing element for measuring high voltages by scaling them down to levels safe for measurement by analog-to-digital converters or operational amplifiers.
工作原理
Operates on Ohm's Law and Kirchhoff's Voltage Law. The output voltage (Vout) is calculated as Vout = Vin * (R2 / (R1 + R2)), where R1 and R2 are the series resistors, and Vin is the input voltage. This creates a linear, proportional relationship, allowing precise voltage measurement by monitoring Vout.
材料
Resistors: Typically metal film (e.g.1% tolerance0.25W-2W power rating) or thick film for cost-effectivenessPCB: FR-4 substrate with copper tracesConnectors: Brass or phosphor bronze with tin platingProtective coating: Conformal coating (e.g.acrylic or silicone) for environmental resistance.
Tolerance
±1%
Power Rating
1W per resistor
Resistance Values
R1=900kΩ, R2=100kΩ (for 10:1 ratio)
Frequency Response
DC to 10kHz
Input Voltage Range
0-1000V DC/AC
Output Voltage Range
0-5V
Temperature Coefficient
±100ppm/°C
标准
ISO 9001IEC 61010-1UL 61010-1

行业分类与别名

分压电路 的常用贸易名称、技术标识和检索关键词。

上级产品

该组件会出现在以下整机或工业产品中。

FMEA · 风险与缓解

诱因 → 失效模式 → 工程缓解

Resistor overheating due to high current or poor ventilation->Resistor value drift or open circuit, leading to inaccurate or no output voltage->Use resistors with adequate power rating, add heat sinks, ensure proper airflow, and implement thermal monitoring.
Moisture or contamination on PCB->Short circuit or leakage current, causing erroneous voltage readings->Apply conformal coating, use sealed enclosures, and follow IP ratings (e.g., IP65) for environmental protection.
Voltage transients from industrial loads->Overvoltage damage to resistors or connected electronics->Incorporate transient voltage suppressors (TVS diodes), fuses, or overvoltage protection circuits at the input.

工业生态与工程逻辑

0
Overheating from excessive power dissipation
1
Voltage spikes damaging downstream components
2
Accuracy drift due to resistor tolerance or temperature changes
3
Electrical shock if insulation fails

合规与检测

tolerance
Voltage ratio accuracy within ±1% under operating conditions (-40°C to 85°C)
test method
Calibration against a precision voltage source using a digital multimeter (e.g., Fluke 8846A), with verification per IEC 61010-2-030 for electrical safety.

制造该组件的工厂

来自 CNFX 组件能力表的相关制造商资料。

制造商列表用于前期研究和供应商能力理解,不代表认证、排名或交易担保。

采购评估维度

不是客户评论,也不是实时热度。以下维度用于前期 RFQ 准备和供应商评估。

技术文档
4/5
制造能力
4/5
可检验性
5/5
供应商透明度
3/5

这些分值是采购评估维度示例,不代表真实客户评分、具体国家买家反馈或实时询盘。

相关组件

常见问题

How do I select resistors for a voltage divider in a voltage sensor?

Choose resistors based on input voltage range, desired output voltage, power dissipation (use P = V^2/R to avoid overheating), and tolerance (1% or better for accuracy). Ensure the resistance values are high enough to minimize current draw but low enough to reduce noise sensitivity.

Can a voltage divider circuit measure AC voltages?

Yes, but it requires considerations for frequency response and phase shift. Use resistors with low parasitic inductance and capacitance, and ensure the divider ratio is consistent across the operating frequency range. For safety, incorporate isolation or use differential measurements if needed.

What are common failure modes in industrial voltage dividers?

Common failures include resistor drift due to temperature or aging, overheating from excessive power dissipation, moisture ingress causing short circuits, and mechanical damage to PCB traces. Regular calibration and protective enclosures mitigate these risks.

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