钢壳

一种圆柱形或锥形钢制外壳，作为工业钢包中耐火衬里的主要结构容器，用于在超过1500°C的温度下运输、盛装和浇注熔融金属（通常是钢、铁或有色合金）。它提供机械强度，支撑耐火材料的安装，并在加热/冷却循环中承受热应力。

钢壳作为承重外骨骼，容纳直接接触熔融金属的耐火衬里。它分布机械载荷（包括熔融金属、耐火材料和提升力的重量），通过受控设计（膨胀缝、加强筋）抵抗热膨胀应力，并为耳轴、倾翻机构和安全装置提供连接点。在操作过程中，热量从耐火材料传递到壳体，需要热管理以防止温度过度升高。

The steel shell acts as a load-bearing exoskeleton that contains the refractory lining, which directly contacts molten metal. It distributes mechanical loads (including the weight of molten metal, refractory, and lifting forces), resists thermal expansion stresses through controlled design (expansion joints, stiffeners), and provides attachment points for trunnions, tilting mechanisms, and safety features. During operation, heat transfers from the refractory to the shell, requiring thermal management to prevent excessive temperature rise.