行业组件数据 · 2026

X型电容器

X-Capacitor is a safety-rated capacitor used in EMI filters to suppress differential-mode interference across power lines.

技术定义与适配语境
典型 X型电容器 会按材料、尺寸公差、适配关系和失效风险在 电气设备制造 中评估。

An X-Capacitor is a specialized film or ceramic capacitor designed for across-the-line applications in EMI/RFI filters. It is safety-certified to withstand high-voltage transients and prevent short-circuit failures that could cause fire or electric shock. Positioned between line and neutral conductors, it attenuates differential-mode noise by providing a low-impedance path for high-frequency interference while blocking mains frequency. Rated for continuous operation at mains voltages (typically 250VAC to 310VAC) with impulse withstand voltages up to several kilovolts.

组件规格

定义
An X-Capacitor is a specialized film or ceramic capacitor designed for across-the-line applications in EMI/RFI filters. It is safety-certified to withstand high-voltage transients and prevent short-circuit failures that could cause fire or electric shock. Positioned between line and neutral conductors, it attenuates differential-mode noise by providing a low-impedance path for high-frequency interference while blocking mains frequency. Rated for continuous operation at mains voltages (typically 250VAC to 310VAC) with impulse withstand voltages up to several kilovolts.
工作原理
Operates by shunting high-frequency differential-mode noise (between line and neutral) to ground or neutralizing it through capacitive reactance (Xc = 1/(2πfC)). At high frequencies, the capacitor's low impedance diverts interference away from sensitive circuits, while at mains frequency (50/60Hz), its high impedance prevents excessive current flow. Self-healing metallized film construction allows recovery from minor dielectric breakdowns.
材料
Metallized polypropylene film (MKP) or ceramic dielectric (Class X1/Y2). Electrodes: vacuum-deposited aluminum/zinc. Encapsulation: Flame-retardant epoxy resin (UL94 V-0 rated). Leads: tinned copper wire. Optional: internal fuse protection.
Tolerance
±10% to ±20%
Capacitance
100pF to 10μF
Safety Class
X1 (high impulse), X2 (standard)
Rated Voltage
250VAC to 310VAC
Impulse Voltage
2.5kV to 4kV (X1), ≤1.2kV (X2)
Temperature Range
-40°C to +110°C
Dissipation Factor
<0.001 at 10kHz
Insulation Resistance
≥10,000 MΩ
标准
IEC 60384-14UL 60384-14EN 60384-14GB/T 6346

行业分类与别名

X型电容器 的常用贸易名称、技术标识和检索关键词。

上级产品

该组件会出现在以下整机或工业产品中。

FMEA · 风险与缓解

诱因 → 失效模式 → 工程缓解

Overvoltage transients exceeding rated impulse voltage->Dielectric puncture leading to short circuit->Use X1 class for high-surge environments; incorporate varistors or gas discharge tubes for surge suppression
Excessive ripple current causing internal heating->Thermal degradation of dielectric, capacitance drift->Select capacitors with adequate ripple current rating; ensure proper ventilation in filter assembly
Moisture ingress due to poor encapsulation->Reduced insulation resistance, leakage current increase->Use epoxy-encapsulated versions for humid environments; conformal coating on PCB

工业生态与工程逻辑

0
Dielectric breakdown from voltage surges
1
Fire hazard if non-safety-rated capacitor used
2
Leakage current exceeding limits
3
Thermal runaway at high temperatures
4
Mechanical damage cracking dielectric

合规与检测

tolerance
Capacitance tolerance ±10% to ±20%; impulse test per IEC 60384-14
test method
High-potential test (2U+1000VAC for 60s); impulse voltage test (specified pulses); flammability test (UL94); endurance test (1000h at rated voltage)

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制造商列表用于前期研究和供应商能力理解,不代表认证、排名或交易担保。

采购评估维度

不是客户评论,也不是实时热度。以下维度用于前期 RFQ 准备和供应商评估。

技术文档
4/5
制造能力
4/5
可检验性
5/5
供应商透明度
3/5

这些分值是采购评估维度示例,不代表真实客户评分、具体国家买家反馈或实时询盘。

相关组件

常见问题

What is the difference between X1 and X2 class capacitors?

X1 capacitors withstand higher impulse voltages (≥2.5kV) for industrial applications with severe transients. X2 capacitors (≤1.2kV impulse) are for general-purpose equipment with moderate transients.

Can X-Capacitors be used without safety certifications?

No. Using uncertified capacitors in across-the-line positions violates safety regulations (IEC/UL) and risks fire from dielectric breakdown during voltage surges.

How do X-Capacitors differ from Y-Capacitors?

X-Capacitors are placed line-to-neutral for differential-mode noise. Y-Capacitors are line-to-ground or neutral-to-ground for common-mode noise and require higher safety isolation.

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