行业组件数据 · 2026

键或花键

A mechanical component used to transmit torque between a shaft and a hub, such as on a drive pulley or gear, preventing relative rotation.

技术定义与适配语境
典型 键或花键 会按材料、尺寸公差、适配关系和失效风险在 机械和设备制造 中评估。

A key or spline is a precision-engineered mechanical element designed to create a positive, non-slip connection between a rotating shaft and a mounted component like a drive pulley, gear, or coupling. It functions by fitting into matching grooves (keyways or splines) on both parts, ensuring synchronous rotation and torque transmission without slippage. Keys are typically single, rectangular, or tapered elements, while splines consist of multiple, parallel ridges or teeth along the shaft and hub, offering higher torque capacity and better alignment.

组件规格

定义
A key or spline is a precision-engineered mechanical element designed to create a positive, non-slip connection between a rotating shaft and a mounted component like a drive pulley, gear, or coupling. It functions by fitting into matching grooves (keyways or splines) on both parts, ensuring synchronous rotation and torque transmission without slippage. Keys are typically single, rectangular, or tapered elements, while splines consist of multiple, parallel ridges or teeth along the shaft and hub, offering higher torque capacity and better alignment.
工作原理
The working principle relies on mechanical interference and shear strength. The key or spline fits into precisely machined keyways or spline grooves on both the shaft and the hub. When torque is applied, the force is transferred through the sides of the key/spline teeth, preventing relative motion. This ensures the shaft and hub rotate as a single unit, transmitting power efficiently while maintaining angular alignment.
材料
Typically made from high-strength alloy steels (e.g.AISI 41404340) or carbon steelsoften heat-treated (quenched and tempered) to achieve hardness (e.g.30-45 HRC) and wear resistance. Corrosion-resistant materials like stainless steel (e.g.316) may be used in harsh environments.
Fit Class
ANSI B17.1, ISO 7732 (e.g., sliding, close, press fit)
Key Types
Parallel Key, Taper Key, Woodruff Key, Gib Head Key
Spline Types
Involute Spline, Straight-Sided Spline, Serration
Surface Finish
Typically 1.6-3.2 μm Ra for smooth engagement
Torque Capacity
Dependent on size, material, and fit (e.g., 50-5000 Nm)
标准
ISO 7732DIN 6885ANSI B17.1JIS B 1301

行业分类与别名

键或花键 的常用贸易名称、技术标识和检索关键词。

上级产品

该组件会出现在以下整机或工业产品中。

FMEA · 风险与缓解

诱因 → 失效模式 → 工程缓解

Over-torque or shock loads->Shear failure of the key/spline, resulting in loss of torque transmission->Design with safety factors, use torque limiters, and select materials with high shear strength.
Misalignment during installation->Uneven wear, increased stress, and premature failure->Ensure precise machining of keyways/splines, use alignment tools during assembly, and follow standard tolerances.
Inadequate lubrication or corrosion->Increased friction, seizing, or pitting, reducing component life->Apply appropriate lubricants, use corrosion-resistant materials (e.g., coated steels), and implement regular maintenance.

工业生态与工程逻辑

0
Shear failure under excessive torque
1
Wear and fretting corrosion
2
Misalignment causing uneven load distribution
3
Improper fit leading to slippage or damage

合规与检测

tolerance
Typically ±0.025 mm for keyways, per ISO 7732; spline tolerances vary by class (e.g., Class 5 for high precision)
test method
Dimensional inspection with gauges or CMM, hardness testing (Rockwell scale), torque testing to verify shear strength, and visual inspection for defects.

制造该组件的工厂

来自 CNFX 组件能力表的相关制造商资料。

制造商列表用于前期研究和供应商能力理解,不代表认证、排名或交易担保。

采购评估维度

不是客户评论,也不是实时热度。以下维度用于前期 RFQ 准备和供应商评估。

技术文档
4/5
制造能力
4/5
可检验性
5/5
供应商透明度
3/5

这些分值是采购评估维度示例,不代表真实客户评分、具体国家买家反馈或实时询盘。

相关组件

常见问题

What is the difference between a key and a spline?

A key is a single piece (e.g., rectangular) that fits into keyways, suitable for moderate torque. A spline has multiple teeth along the shaft and hub, offering higher torque capacity, better alignment, and often used in automotive or high-precision applications.

How do I select the right key or spline for a drive pulley?

Consider torque requirements, shaft diameter, hub material, and operating conditions (e.g., speed, load cycles). Refer to standards like ISO 7732 for dimensions and consult engineering tables for shear strength calculations.

What are common failure modes for keys and splines?

Shear failure from overload, wear due to fretting or misalignment, and corrosion in harsh environments. Proper fit, material selection, and lubrication can mitigate these.

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CNFX Industrial Component Index · 机械和设备制造

数据基础

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初步技术归类
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URN:CNFX:ME:UNIT:KEY_OR_SPLINE